Combined hot-air and steam heating apparatus



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. H. WATERMAN.

COMBINED HOT AIR AND STEAM HEATING APPARATUS.

No. 371,010. Patented Oct. 4, 1887,

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(No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. H. WATERMAN.

COMBINED HOT AIR AND STEAM HEATING APPARATUS.

No. 371,010. Patented Oct. 4, 1887.

INVENTOR ATTORNEYS.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN H. WATERMAN, OF OHEBOYGAN, MICHIGAN.

COMBlNED HOT-AIR AND STEAM HEATING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 371,010, dated October4, 1887.

Application filed June 7, 1886.

T0 aZZ whom it may concern.-

'Be it known that I, JOHN H. WATERMAN, of Oheboygan, in the county ofCheboygan and State of Michigan, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Combined Air and Steam Heating Apparatus, of which thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention consists in certain novel construetions and combinationsof parts in an air and steam heating apparatus mainly designed forheating buildings, substantially as hereinafter described, and pointedout in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar letters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a partly-broken front elevation of a combined hot-air andsteam heating apparatus embodying my invention; Fig. 2, a verticalcentral section of the same upon the line 00 x in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is ahorizontal section upon the line 3 y in Fig. 1; Fig. 4, ahorizontalsection upon the line 22 in Fig. 1, showing the base portion of theheaterupon which the boiler stands; and Fig. 5, a view in perspective ofan adjustable sleeve used upon the lower end of the magazine of theheater.

A is the outer case or body of the heater, having a covering of felt, b,applied to it, and which is in turn ineased by a sheet-metal sheathing,0, to prevent wasteful escape of the heat into the cellar or. apartmentin which the heater stands.

B is the top, which consists of a sheet-iron cover and heavy cast-ironlower cover that rests,when in place, upon a self adj ustable asbestuspacking, G, to prevent the escape of smoke or gas, and which may beapplied to other joints of the heater for the same purpose. This packingis made from atsheet of asbestos cut into strips of a suit-able lengthto go round thejoint, and bound on the outside of each bent strip by ametal band or hinder, s, which may,if desired, be a simple wire twistedat its ends to make it close or tight or be otherwise suitably secured.

D is the magazine of the heater for using fuel adapted to it, and D itstop, which is made so as to lift out in order that the top cover orcovers, B, of the heater may be removed when required to clean out theboiler.

Serial No. 204,351. (No model.)

E is the boiler arranged concentrically within the outer shell or casingof the heater, and F the smokebox. G is the smoke-space around theboiler, said boiler being a vertical one provided with direct orascending fines d and descending fines e.

fis the outlet for the escaping products of combustion.

H is the fire-chamber, and I the base or plate upon which the boilerrests. J is the fire-pot, Kthe ash-pit, and L the aslrpit door.

M is the fire-hole door.

N is a chamber or space surrounding the fire-pot, and O a pipeconnecting said chamber with the fire-chamber for the purpose ofconveying hot air through an opening in the fire-hole door M. This pipe0, which is a bent one, is made to turn, as by a union or other lowerjoint, so as to be capable of being shifted out of the way whennecessary to relieve the door. P is a pipe or duct, preferably of domeshape, that admits air from the back or outside of the apparatus to thechamber N. This pipe is controlled by a valve, 9, capable ofmanipulation from the exterior and serving either to admit air from theoutside directly through said pipe from the ash-pit through an aperture,71, or through both, accordingly as said valve is raised or lowered. Bythis means the air maybe tempered in its admission to the chamber N,which serves to supply by the pipe 0 the combustion or fire chamberabove or on top of the burning fuel with heated air for the purpose ofconsuming the smoke and escaping gases without cooling the boiler, aswhen cold air is admitted for the purpose. To make such action perfect,however, it is necessary that the volume of incoming air should beregulated according to the condition of the fire. This I doautomatically by means of a flexible diaphragmregulator, Q, connectedwith the boiler, such as used on other steam-heaters for controlling thedamper which regulates the draft, the same being connected with thedamper-valve by a lever and chain; but in my application of such aregulator I cause it to simultaneously control both the damper-valve Rof the ash pit and a sliding gate or valve, S, between the com munieateswith the tire-hole. To this end pipe 0 and the fire-door M, where saidpipe I so arrange the usual weighted lever, z, and chain r, by which theash-pit damper R is controlled, as to admit of said chain or of anotherchain, 1", attached to it, also controlling, by a lever, t, the gate orvalve S. In this way or by these means both the gate S and draft-valveor damper R fall or close together by their own gravity as the pressureof steam is increased in the boiler and are raised or opened in unisonas the steam goes down. Thus both valves work together not only toregulate the draft, but also to control the admission of hot air to thefire'chamber for the purpose of consuming the smoke and gases, and forthis there is a good reason, as, for instance, when more air is requiredto make the fire burn stronger then more hot air will be required to beadmitted above the burning fuel to consume the extra amount of gasproduced, and when the steam is high enough both valves will be closedtight and no air is admitted from any source, which will cause theboiler to hold its steam much longer.

It may here be observed that the gate or valve S is so made that thechain 1" can be preferably carried by the fire-door M, so that byunhitching the chain from the lever said valve or gate will remain shutand the pipe 0 may be turned or shifted from disengagement with thefire-door without interfering with the latter. This closing oftheopening in the firedoor will be necessary under certain circumstances,and if burning natural gas in the heater, not only should the gate S beclosed and pipe 0 be removed, but also the valve 9 in the pipe P beraised, to prevent the admis sion of air from the back of the heater,thereby reversing the current of hot air and cansing it to come up underthe grate for the purpose of burning natural gas. By sliding outward andturning to one side the pipe 0, the fire door may be opened, asrequired. Said fire-door M may have a peep-hole or glass, a, in it toobserve the condition of the fire when the door is closed, and toprovide for regulating the volume of hot air to be passed to thefire-chamber of the heater.

Tis the pipe by which steam is conveyed from the boiler. I

U is a cone-shaped grate for burning sawdust and tan-bark as fuel, and Vis an eXtension-sleeve applied to the bottom of the maga- Zine. Thissleeve is to be used when burning sawdust, tairbark, or different kindsof coal. It is applied to the lower end of the magazine by constructingit with longitudinal and lateral cuts 7) 0' in opposite sides of itsupper end, so that said sleeve may he slipped over the lower end of themagazine, and by turning it be made to engage with studs d on themagaparatus the fire-pot will be restrained from burning out and thefull benefit of the heat will be secured in the boiler; also all or mostof the escaping gases be consumed, Furthermore, although here shown asfitted for burning other fuel, it will be found well adapted to burningnatural gas.

Having thus fully described my invention,I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent 1. The combination, with the body of the heaterand its top, of the asbestus packing applied to said body and havingapplied to its outside a separate metallic hinder or band, substantiallyas and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination, with the heater, its firechamber and fire-pot, ofthe air-heating chamber N around said pot, a duct for supplying air tothe chamber N, and a pipe for passing the heated air from said chamberto the firechamber above the fire-pot, substantially as and for thepurpose herein set forth.

3. The combination, with the fire-door M, having an air-hole or passagethrough it, and the air'heating chamber N, having an air-inlet passage,P, of the shifting or adjustable pipe 0, made to make and breakconnection with said door and passage through it, essen tially asdescribed.

4E. The combination of the fire-pot, air-heating chamberN, surroundingthe same and having an aperture, it, into the ash-pit, the pipe P, andthe valve 9, closing at will either the pipe P or the opening h,substantially as specilied.

5. In a combined air and steam heating apparatus, the combination, withthe boiler, its inclosing-heater and ash-pit, of an air-supply chamberand pipe for conveying air to or above the fire, a gate or valvecontrolling said pipe, a damper or valve controlling the draft, and anautomatic steam-regulator adapted to simultaneously control both of saidvalves, essentially as and for the purposes herein set forth.

JOHN H. \VATERMAN.

\Vitnesses:

GEo. E. FRosT, H. J. A. Tom).

